All About Vitamins – Chemical Names, Deficiency Disease and Sources

Vitamins are essential for the normal growth and development of a multicellular organism.

Vitamins are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble. In humans there are basically 13 recognized vitamins: 4 fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K) and 9 water-soluble (8 B vitamins and vitamin C). Water-soluble vitamins dissolve easily in water whereas Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed through the intestinal tract with the help of lipids (fats).

Many people in the United States and other countries take multivitamins and other supplements, though these may not be necessary or helpful, according to research.

S.No.	Vitamin	Chemical Name	Deficiency Disease	Sources
1	Vitamin – A	Retinol	Night Blindness	Liver, orange, ripe yellow fruits, leafy vegetables, carrots, pumpkin, squash, spinach, fish, soya milk, milk
2	Vitamin – B1	Thiamine	Beriberi	Pork, oatmeal, brown rice, vegetables, potatoes, liver, eggs
3	Vitamin – B2	Riboflavin	Ariboflavinosis, Skin disorders	Dairy products, bananas, popcorn, green beans, asparagus
4	Vitamin – B3	Niacin, Niacinamide	Pellagra	Meat, fish, eggs, many vegetables, mushrooms, tree nuts
5	Vitamin – B5	Pantothenic Acid	Paresthesia	Meat, broccoli, avocados
6	Vitamin – B6	Pyridoxine	Anemia, Skin diseases	Meat, vegetables, tree nuts, bananas
7	Vitamin – H/B7	Biotin	Dermatitis, Hair Fall	Raw egg yolk, liver, peanuts, leafy green vegetables
8	Vitamin – B9	Folic Acid	Megaloblastic Anemia	Leafy vegetables, pasta, bread, cereal, liver
9	Vitamin – B12	Cyanocobalamin	Megaloblastic Anemia	Meat and other animal products
10	Vitamin – C	Ascorbic Acid	Scurvy	Many fruits and vegetables, liver
11	Vitamin – D	Cholecalciferol	Rickets and Osteomalacia	Fish, eggs, liver, mushrooms
12	Vitamin – E	Tocopherols	Decreased Fertility	Many fruits and vegetables, nuts and seeds
13	Vitamin – K	Phylloquinone	Blood Clotting	Leafy green vegetables such as spinach, egg yolks

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